{"id":6810,"date":"2014-03-05T12:02:40","date_gmt":"2014-03-05T10:02:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iuwebtv.istanbul.edu.tr\/?p=6810"},"modified":"2014-03-13T10:59:22","modified_gmt":"2014-03-13T08:59:22","slug":"turkiyede-tarimin-yapisi-abstract-1-bolum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iuwebtv.istanbul.edu.tr\/?p=6810","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de Tar\u0131m\u0131n Yap\u0131s\u0131 &#8211; Abstract 1. B\u00f6l\u00fcm"},"content":{"rendered":"[youtube]https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=t3k0bpfpn5k[\/youtube]\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de Tar\u0131m\u0131n Yap\u0131s\u0131 &#8211; Abstract 1. B\u00f6l\u00fcm<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Prof. Dr. Havva Tun\u00e7<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong> \u0130\u00dc \u0130ktisat Fak\u00fcltesi \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrk tar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131 ve \u00f6zellikleri olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemli bir konu. \u015eimdi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebiliyor musunuz toplam n\u00fcfusun daha do\u011frusu aktif n\u00fcfusun %30&#8217;unun %29,5&#8217;inin tar\u0131mda istihdam edildi\u011fi bir \u00fclke var.\u00a0 Bu \u00fclke nedir&#8230; ve bu \u00fclkenin ekilebilir toprak say\u0131s\u0131 olduk\u00e7a fazla ve bu \u00fclke k\u00f6yl\u00fc toplumu sanayi toplumu de\u011fil k\u00f6yl\u00fc toplumu. Aktif n\u00fcfusun %29,5&#8217;inin istihdam edildi\u011fi bir toplum fakat ithalat\u0131 ihracat\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu olan mallara bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin pay\u0131n\u0131n olduk\u00e7a d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Peki, ithal edilen mallar i\u00e7erisinde tar\u0131m\u0131n pay\u0131 var m\u0131 diye bak\u0131yoruz ki olduk\u00e7a y\u00fcksek. En basitinden kuru fasulyeden pirince, pirin\u00e7ten efendime s\u00f6yleyeyim, akl\u0131ma gelmiyor ama ete kadar ithal ediliyor i\u015fte. Bir tar\u0131m toplumu, aktif n\u00fcfusun %29,5&#8217;inin istihdam edildi\u011fi bir tar\u0131m toplumu, ama buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k ithalat\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 da et olu\u015fturuyor fasulye olu\u015fturuyor, bu\u011fday olu\u015fturuyor, un olu\u015fturuyor. Dramatik bir yap\u0131&#8230; O zaman nedir? T\u00fcrk tar\u0131m\u0131nda yap\u0131sal bir tak\u0131m yap\u0131sal sorunlar var demektir. T\u00fcrk tar\u0131m\u0131ndaki yap\u0131sal sorunlar nedir diye bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda inan\u0131lmaz \u015feyler g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Bir kere k\u00f6yl\u00fc toplumunun aile yap\u0131s\u0131&#8230; Topra\u011f\u0131n par\u00e7alanmas\u0131 toprak ba\u015f\u0131na metrekare hektar ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen insan say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131r\u0131yor. \u00d6rne\u011fin anne baba \u00e7ocuktan olu\u015fan bir d\u00f6n\u00fcml\u00fck topra\u011f\u0131 zaman i\u00e7erisinde torunlar torbalar akl\u0131n\u0131za gelebilecek her t\u00fcrl\u00fc ki\u015fi. \u00dc\u00e7 ki\u015fiysen oluyor \u00e7ok k\u0131sa bir zaman dilimi i\u00e7erisinde, 5 y\u0131ll\u0131k 10 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir zaman dilimi i\u00e7erisinde, say\u0131 2&#8217;ye 3&#8217;e 4&#8217;e katlanabiliyor. Yani toprak bir \u015fekilde par\u00e7alan\u0131yor ama par\u00e7alanm\u0131yor. Asl\u0131nda buna par\u00e7alanmak demek de do\u011fru de\u011fil, topraktan gelir elde eden ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 idame ettiren insan say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131r\u0131yor. Tabi durum b\u00f6yle olunca k\u00f6yden kopu\u015f ba\u015fl\u0131yor. K\u00f6yden kente g\u00f6\u00e7 dedi\u011fimiz \u00f6yk\u00fc bu. Peki, o zaman k\u00f6yde kalmay\u0131, k\u00f6yde verimlili\u011fi artt\u0131rmay\u0131, \u00fcretimi artt\u0131rmay\u0131, insanlar\u0131n gelir elde etmesini ne sa\u011flar?\u00a0 Tar\u0131m politikalar\u0131 sa\u011flar. Tar\u0131m&#8230; \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc yap\u0131sal \u00f6zellikleri var. Kendine has yap\u0131sal \u00f6zellikleri var. Birincisi istedi\u011finiz kadar teknoloji kullan\u0131n. Nerde? Tar\u0131mda. Hi\u00e7bir \u015fey fark etmiyor. Bir do\u011fal afet geldi\u011fi zaman, bir f\u0131rt\u0131na geldi\u011fi zaman, hasat\u0131n\u0131z, \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcz, rekolteniz %80 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. Bir su bask\u0131n\u0131 oldu\u011fu zaman, b\u00fct\u00fcn bu\u011fday tarlalar\u0131n\u0131 su bask\u0131n\u0131 alt\u0131nda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman \u00fcr\u00fcn gidiyor. Bir kurakl\u0131k oldu\u011fu zaman \u00fcr\u00fcn kavruluyor. Yani d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyaya, co\u011frafik ko\u015fullara a\u00e7\u0131k bir sekt\u00f6r&#8230;\u00a0 Ne? Tar\u0131m sekt\u00f6r\u00fc. Hi\u00e7bir sekt\u00f6rde bu yok. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla tar\u0131m sekt\u00f6r\u00fc yap\u0131sal \u00f6zelliklerinden dolay\u0131 desteklenmeli. Desteklenme birinci fakt\u00f6r; ikincisi, tar\u0131mdaki \u00fcretim art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flaman\u0131n ikinci \u015fart\u0131, birinci destek, ikincisi sermaye birikimini vermek laz\u0131m. Yani tar\u0131mda teknoloji kullanaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[youtube]https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=t3k0bpfpn5k[\/youtube] &nbsp; T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de Tar\u0131m\u0131n Yap\u0131s\u0131 &#8211; Abstract 1. B\u00f6l\u00fcm Prof. Dr. Havva Tun\u00e7 \u0130\u00dc \u0130ktisat Fak\u00fcltesi \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi T\u00fcrk tar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131 ve \u00f6zellikleri olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemli bir konu. \u015eimdi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebiliyor musunuz toplam n\u00fcfusun daha do\u011frusu aktif n\u00fcfusun %30&#8217;unun %29,5&#8217;inin tar\u0131mda istihdam edildi\u011fi bir \u00fclke var.\u00a0 Bu \u00fclke nedir&#8230; ve bu \u00fclkenin ekilebilir toprak say\u0131s\u0131 olduk\u00e7a fazla [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[569,567],"tags":[],"series":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iuwebtv.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6810"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iuwebtv.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iuwebtv.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iuwebtv.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iuwebtv.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6810"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/iuwebtv.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6810\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6837,"href":"https:\/\/iuwebtv.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6810\/revisions\/6837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iuwebtv.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6810"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iuwebtv.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6810"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iuwebtv.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6810"},{"taxonomy":"series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iuwebtv.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fseries&post=6810"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}